Lucille Balls Feminism in The Lucy Show

Lucille Balls Feminism in The Lucy Show Sitcom Title: The Lucy Show Years Aired: 1962–1968 Stars: Lucille Ball, Vivian Vance, Gale Gordon, Mary Jane Croft, many celebrities who guest-starred as themselves Feminist focus? Women, particularly Lucille Ball, can tell a complete story without husbands. The feminism in The Lucy Show comes from the fact that it was a sitcom focused on a woman, and that woman didnt always act in ways considered ladylike.  Lucille Ball played a widow, Lucy Carmichael, and Vivian Vance, for part of the show’s run, played her divorced best friend, Vivian Bagley. Notably, the main characters were women without husbands. Sure, the male characters included a banker in charge of Lucy’s trust fund and a recurring-role boyfriend, but shows that revolved around a woman without a husband were not common before The Lucy Show. Who Loves Lucy This Time? Lucille Ball was already a famous, extremely talented actress and comedian when The Lucy Show began. During the 1950s she had starred with then-husband Desi Arnaz on I Love Lucy, one of the most popular TV shows of all time, where she and Vivian Vance engaged in countless antics as Lucy and Ethel. In the 1960s, the comic duo reunited on The Lucy Show as Lucy and Vivian. Vivian was the first long-running divorced woman on primetime television. The original title of the series was to be  The Lucille Ball Show, but that was rejected by CBS.  Vivian Vance insisted that her character name be Vivian, tried of being called Ethel from her time with  I Love Lucy. Not a World Without Men Finding a little feminism in The Lucy Show does not mean there were no men. Lucy and Vivian did interact with plenty of male characters, including men they dated. However, the 1960s were an interesting time in TV history- a decade that saw inventive plot lines, experimentation outside the nuclear family model and the shift from black and white to color TV, among other developments. Here was Lucille Ball, proving again that a woman could carry a show. Gone were the I Love Lucy plots that so often revolved around tricking or hiding something from the husbands. Successful Women The Lucy Show was a top-ten ratings success as the women brought laughs to millions. Years later, Lucille Ball was asked why newer sitcoms weren’t as good as her classic sitcoms, despite a wider range of material. Lucille Ball answered that they were trying to make comedy out of reality- and who would want to listen to that?† While she may have rejected abortion and social unrest as sitcom material, Lucille Ball in many ways IS the feminism of The Lucy Show. She was a powerful woman in Hollywood who could do anything she wanted, for years, and who responded to the women’s liberation movement with a voice and viewpoint that were unique, decidedly brave and already liberated. Production Company and Series Evolution Desi Arnaz, Lucille Balls husband until 1960, ran Desilu Productions until 1963 when Ball bought his shares and became the first female CEO of any major television production corporation.   Arnaz, despite the divorce, was instrumental in talking the networks into taking on the new show.  Arnaz was the executive producer of fifteen of the first thirty episodes. In 1963, Arnaz resigned as head of Desilu Productions. Lucille Ball became President of the company, and Arnaz was also replaced as executive producer of  The Lucy Show.  Ã‚  The show was filmed the next season in color rather than black and white, though it was broadcast in black and white until 1965.  Cast changes introduced Gale Gordon and lost several male characters. (Gale Gordon had appeared on radio with Lucille Ball in a show  My Favorite Husband  that evolved into  I Love Lucy, and had been offered the role on  I Love Lucy  of Fred Mertz.) In 1965, differences over pay, commuting, and creative control led to a split between Lucille Ball and Vivian Vance, and Vance left the series.  She appeared at the end of the run for some guest appearances. By 1966, the children of Lucy Carmichael, her trust fund, and much of the previous history of the show had disappeared, and she played the part as a Los Angeles based single woman.  When Vivian returned as a married woman for a few guest appearances, their children were not mentioned. Lucille Ball founded Lucille Ball Productions in 1967, during the life of  The Lucy Show.  Ã‚  Her new husband, Gary Morton, was executive producer of  The Lucy Show  from 1967 on. Even the sixth season of the show was very popular, ranked #2 in the Nielsen ratings. She ended the series after the sixth season, and began a new show,  Heres Lucy, with her children Lucie Arnaz and Desi Arnaz, Jr., playing key roles. Pregnancy on Television Lucille Ball, in her original series I Love Lucy  (1951–1957) with her husband Desi Arnaz, had broken ground when, against the advice of the television network and ad agencies, her real-life pregnancy was integrated into the show.  For the seven episodes with her pregnant, the censorship code of the time forbid the use of the term pregnant and instead permitted expecting  (or, in Desis Cuban accent, spectin).

New York Times vs. Sullivan 376 U.S. 254 (1964) †Law Essay (400 Level Course)

New York Times vs. Sullivan 376 U.S. 254 (1964) – Law Essay (400 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers New York Times V. Sullivan 376 U.S. 254 (1964) Law Essay (400 Level Course) Facts: The New York Times ran a full – page fund raising advertisement for the civil rights movement called †Heed Their Rising Voices† on March 29, 1960. The Article was about the unfair treatment of Alabama State college student protestors. There were several minor errors of fact against the police department. L.B. Sullivan, the Montgomery city commissioner, filed a libel suit against the newspaper and the four African American ministers who were listed as endorsers of the ad, claiming that that the allegations against the Montgomery police defamed him personally. Even though the ad never stated his name or accused him personally, Sullivan felt that it implied him because he was the city official in charge of the police department. Under Alabama law, Sullivan did not have to prove that he had been harmed: and a defense claiming that the ad was truthful was unavailable since the ad contained factual errors. Sullivan then was awarded a $500,000 judgment. Judicial History: The trial court awarded Sullivan $500,000 in his favor. The court of appeals affirmed the decision. The United Supreme Court ruled that case be reversed and remanded. Issues: Whether a public official can receive damages in a civil libel action suit if malice is not proven? Rules: No. The United State Supreme Court reversed the judgment and remanded the case. Analysis / Conclusion: A state cannot, under the First and Fourteenth Amendment, award damages to a public official for defamatory falsehood relating to his official conduct unless he proves â€Å"actual malice† that the statement was made with knowledge of its falsity or with reckless disregard of whether it was true or false. Research Papers on New York Times vs. Sullivan 376 U.S. 254 (1964) - Law Essay (400 Level Course)19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresCapital PunishmentPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Fifth HorsemanAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementQuebec and CanadaStandardized TestingTwilight of the UAWHip-Hop is Art

The Assault on Reason by Al Gore Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Assault on Reason by Al Gore - Essay Example Nursing homes are run as a community and the community may have certain laws that have to be followed by all those who live in it. These laws may define the nature and the extent of the relationships that individuals within the community can have with each other. While consenting sexual relationships may be seen as acceptable by society at large, the board which controls the nursing home may not consider all such relationships to be kosher. Particularly, in cases where they develop between the individuals working as caregivers and those who are residents of the community. Even in situations where the sexual relationship is between two residents of the same community, there could be legal issues involved which may come about as a result of the health conditions of one partner. For example, if one of the partners has lost or has a diminished capacity to make reasonable judgments, the relationship may not be considered to be founded on consent. These issues give a solid foundation towards denying sexual relationships between the elderly who are placed in nursing homes. However, it must be noted that our society is founded on the principles of freedom and allowing people to do what they want as long as they stay within the bounds of the law. Having a consenting relationship is largely considered to be legal therefore there should be no reason why the elderly should be dined the same freedoms which their counterparts outside the nursing homes enjoy. It is often the agenda of nursing homes to provided a full, fun and participating life experience for the golden years of the elderly therefore they should be permitted to have sexual relationships if they so desire. Further, sex is healthy since it improves the mental abilities of the elderly and prevents them from falling into a cycle of depression. It gives them the understanding that even if they are old, they have not lost their life or their life goals. In

Green Buildings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Green Buildings - Essay Example Rapid industrialization and increase in demand of fuels have increase pollution all over the world. The increase in carbon dioxide in the environment is damaging the ozone layer surrounding the earth’s atmosphere. This is damaging the environment and increasing the temperature of the world. Oceans are melting and seal levels are increasing. This phenomenon is known as global warming. The dangerous consequences of such climatic change are forcing the world to come up with techniques that are environmental friendly. Green building is one such technique that preserves our environment. The cost of these buildings far exceeds the benefits of green buildings. It is important to understand the benefits of green buildings and their structure to prove that this technique worth its costs. A cost benefit analysis will show clearly that green buildings should be used more often in order to protect the environment. Benefits of Green Building One of the most significant benefits of green bu ildings is that they help save energy. These buildings save electricity and in turn decrease our dependent on fuels. Electricity is produced by many ways and oil is also used to produce electricity. Green buildings are designed in such a manner that they allow the residents sunlight and natural air. In this way energy consumption is decreased greatly. Air conditioning and lights use most of the electricity in homes and by reducing this electricity environment can benefit a lot. In green buildings trees and plants are used in order to provide shade and cooling (Simpson, J. 2002). Plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen in daytime. This gives freshness and coolness in daytime in the house. Another benefit of green buildings is the increased productivity of the people living in green buildings. People who live in green buildings are found to work long hours. They also have less stress and they can stay fresh for long hours. This is mainly because occupants get exposure to sun light and fresh air. Air conditioning is no substitute of fresh air. Fresh air soothes residents of green building and this is why they feel less stressed then residents of normal houses and buildings. A study reported that absenteeism was reduced by 40 percent in buildings that were green (Lallanilla, M. 2011). This is the effect of plants and natural air and sunlight. The benefits of green buildings include less sickness as well. This may be because of less pollution and harmful gases. People who live near road sides are exposed to pollution. In green buildings a proper mechanism deals with pollution as discussed before. Also greenery attracts employees to offices. Water efficiency is another benefit of green building. The design of building is such that it allows water to be reused. Water is recycled in greenhouses houses. It is purified and reused in flushes. In this way throughout the life of the green building flush water is not wasted but is used and reused over and over agai n. This is a great benefit of green buildings because it can save gallons of water. A house has a life of at least 30 to 40 years. Throughout this period all the water used in flush will remain the same. Also water is saved by using low flow of water in flushes and showers. Even this can help reduce water consumption of households greatly. Toilet paper is also not used in washrooms and that protects tress. All in all a simple technique of water recycling a great amount of water can be saved. Also material used in green buildings is environmental friendly. The wood used for making green buildings is made of plants like bamboo that grow faster. Rare plants and trees are not used in the making of green buildings. Industrial goods used in making homes are also recyclable and are environmental friendly. Stones and other materials used in houses can be reused again. Energy costs are decreased as a result of green building

Disability Discrimination Essay Example for Free

Disability Discrimination Essay Would you deem Karina disabled under the ADAAA? If so, what reasonable accommodations would you offer to her? Karina has a medical condition requiring her to take steroids and other medications. This condition led to Karina gaining weight and not able to wear two uniform items, the stockings and heels. These conditions affect her back, circulatory system, and endurance level. Additionally, according to her doctor, Karina must stop wearing the stockings and heels because of her condition. Based on this information, Karina does qualify as â€Å"disabled† even if she does not display symptoms that interfere with her ability to perform her duties. By taking medication, Karina is mitigating (reducing) the effects of her illness. However, her employer cannot consider this information in determining if she has a protected disability under the ADAAA. The ADA was passed nearly 20 years ago to provide legal protections for, and to end discrimination against, workers with disabilities. The ADA is a wide-ranging civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability. It affords similar protections against discrimination to Americans with disabilities as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which made discrimination based on race, religion, sex, national origin, and other characteristics illegal. Under the ADA, an individual is considered to have a disability if that individual either (1) has a physical or mental impairment which substantially limits one or more of that persons major life activities, (2) has a record of such an impairment, or (3) is regarded by the covered entity as having such an impairment. The determination of whether any particular condition is considered a disability is made on a case by case basis. When the ADA was first passed into law in 1990, federal courts were very strict in determining which employees met the ADAs definition of a disability, resulting in the dismissal of many cases. A series of such court decisions made it increasingly difficult to qualify for the laws protections. To remedy this problem, Congress recently passed the ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (ADAAA), which went into effect on January 1, 2009. The ADAAA made five changes to the ADA that are significant. 1.It provides that the definition of the ADA disability must both be more flexible and broadly construed. 2.It expands the list of major life activities. 3.It provides that courts can no longer consider whether mitigating measures, such as medication or assistive technology, reduce the impact of impairment on an individual. 4.It states that diseases that are episodic or in remission may still be disabilities. 5.It provides that employees who claims they are regarded as disabled can now make an ADA claim, even if the perceived disability does not impact a major life activity. It is important that employers be up to speed on these changes. This is especially important because the ADAAA created a shift of emphasis in applying the law. In enacting the ADAAA, Congress instructed that it should be interpreted to favor broad coverage of individuals under the ADA, and that courts must focus not on whether an employee is disabled, but on whether the employer is complying with its obligations under the law.

The Political Animal :: essays research papers

Much time has been devoted to the study of how and why governments exist. This effort is required to understand America's political and philosophical roots. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pursued and ultimately answered this question in his work, The Politics. Though written thousands of years ago, the lessons taught about the natural state of politics reveal the immensely complex system of an organized civil government in modern United States. Perhaps one of the most profound thoughts revealed in The Politics concerns the origin and nature of basic government, the cities. "Hence it is evident that a city is a natural production, and that man is naturally a political animal" (Aristotle 1253a). Aristotle's line from The Politics exemplifies two distinct but related points. The first part states that the formation of cities is natural and the second deals with the idea that man is by his own nature, a political being. At the beginning of The Politics, Aristotle says, "every city must be allowed to be the work of nature, if we admit that the original society between male and female is; for to this as their end all subordinate societies tend, and the end of everything is the nature of it"(1253b). Each city begins as a collection of partnerships. These associations are the Sugawara 2 bonds that men create between each other as a result of their natural tendency to be social and interact, "there is then in all persons a natural impetus to associate with each other" (1253a). Partnerships are natural because man is not inclined to be self-sufficient on his own merits. A man cannot exist merely for his own sake and expect to be a functioning member of the city but must be supplemented through the thoughts and ideas of other men. A man must experience interaction with others to more fully complete his existence. This supplementation is the essence of partnerships because dealing with other men increases each man's own wholeness. Furthermore, by listening to the thoughts and ideas of other men, he is furthering his own proclivity, enabling him to be active in the city and therefore, becoming a human being. It is only through the city, however, that man can truly be complete because it reaches a level of full self-sufficiency. The collection of partnerships that comprise the city makes men into complete human beings and assists them on their way to happiness, "the end and perfection of government: first founded that we might live, but continued that we may live happily"(1252b). This is a level of excellence for man because it means that he will not only survive but will thrive after becoming fully human and therefore happy.

Cultural differences in communication with groups and teams Essay

The process of passing information from one person to another is complex and a subject of discussion. This is because effective communication is essential for the development of any organization yet it has been marked with many problems, which have far reaching effects. Over time, communication has developed progressively from oral communication to written communication and now to the media and websites but still marked with the same complexity. It is in this interest that this paper is written. It focuses on defining communication, identifying its problems and there causes and giving the possible solutions and recommendations to this problems. Definition Communication refers to an act of passing information from a given source to a recipient through a given medium (Hulkkonen, et al, 2010). It may also be defined as a connection that provides accessibility of two agents or places. For effective communication to occur there must be a source, a medium of transferring the information and a recipient. All the parties involved in communication should have a common interest of passing and receiving information otherwise there will be poor presentation or misinterpretation between the two and the common goal of transferring information will not be achieved (Texas Christian University, 2010). One common mode of communication is oral communication which includes direct speeches, poetry and songs. Secondly, we have nonverbal communication which involves the transfer of wordless information. This can be achieved through body languages such as facial expression and gestures or object communication such as symbols graphics and clothing. Lastly we have media communication which includes the radio, websites and telephones. The choice of the mode of communication to be used depends entirely on the type of information to be transferred, the number of recipients to be involved and the distance between the source and the recipient (Hulkkonen, et al, 2010).. Communication problems Although communication is essential in any society or organizational groups and teams, which is conscious of achieving its goals, many people still continue to struggle to communicate and unfortunately finds they are unable to express their thoughts and ideas efficiently or even lack proper listening skills (Wood, 2009). This inability to communicate effectively can result to misunderstanding and can cause conflict and even war at its worst amongst members with different cultural backgrounds. Another problem of communication is incompetence. Poor interpretation of instruction due to poor presentation of information can lead to misunderstanding in groups and teams or resulting into wrong actions being taken (Yarbrough & O’Rourke, 2009). Still, Poor communication can lead to endless and unnecessary arguments, which are time and energy consuming. The can result to dissatisfaction and lack of commitment among members of a given group or team. Lastly, mistrust among the members can amount to tension in groups and teams further leading to lack of coordination or total collapse of such groups and teams if proper action is not taken.. Causes of communication problem One major cause of communication problem is fear. It is a common trend of human beings to protect their interest. This renders communication impossible because the need to protect our own interest is accompanied by lack of openness (Penn State University, 2007). This can amount to an endless and unnecessary argument because every body will be after his own interest. Another major cause of communication problem is misaligned expectation (Gupta, 2009). This occurs when different members of a given team have different opinions on how things should be done or handled and all thoughts are not properly taken into consideration or harmonized. This can result to a conflict because no matter how they communicate they will never understand each other. Another cause of communication problem is incompetence. It is advisable to have the message clear and specific so that it can be accepted and acknowledged by the recipients. Lack of knowledge of the subject matter can lead to lack of this clarity and specification in the message and hence poor communication (Wood, 2009). Lastly is poor communication skill. Some effort must be put to make sure that the message is effectively passed to the recipient and that it cannot be misinterpreted Alternative solutions to communication problems One way of preventing communicating problems is to build trust among group members. This is aimed at overcoming fear, which was described earlier on as major cause communication problem. Trust is built when one does exactly what he/she is expected to do. In addition to this, it is important to learn good communication skills, appreciate your differences and attain a consensus based on a common goal (Wiethoff, Lumsden, & Lumsden, 2009). Strategies for implementing and evaluating the chosen solutions The above solutions will be declared effective if there will be efficient communication among the involved agents. There should be no misinterpretation of information, unnecessary arguments, any form of confusion or conflict. In addition to this, each and every member of a given team should be satisfied, committed and encouraged to participate for the common goal of the team (Texas Christian University, 2010). All this would be a sign of effective communication in teams and groups. Conclusion In conclusion therefore, effective communication is essential for the better running of any organization in the society. It is therefore important to put more effort in developing good communication skills that will eliminate the above discussed problems and their causes References Gupta, P. (2009). Five Things You Can Do to Manage Cultural Differences in Virtual Teams. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://ezinearticles. com/? Five-Things-You-Can-Do-to-Manage-Cultural-Differences-in-Virtual-Teams&id=2634314 Hulkkonen, J. , et al. (2010). Cultural Differences in Multinational Team Communication in an IT Service Organization. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://www. outshore. org/LinkClick. aspx? fileticket=9uZxktWCVoc%3D&tabid=58&mid=387 Penn State University. (2007). Building Blocks for Teams: Tips for Effective Communication. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://tlt. its. psu. edu/suggestions/teams/student/communicate. html Texas Christian University. (2010). Communication in Groups and Teams. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://www. cpeng. tcu. edu. tw/teaching/951/comm/1212-comm. ppt Wiethoff, C. , Lumsden, D. , & Lumsden, G. (2009). Communicating in Groups and Teams: Sharing Leadership. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Wood, J. (2009). Communication in Our Lives. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Yarbrough, B. , & O’Rourke, J. (2009). Leading Groups and Teams. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

Salary Is Not the Most Important Factor in Motivating Employees

Salary is not the most important factor in motivating employees The psychology of motivation is enormously complicated and there is a small part of it has been illustrated with any degree of guarantee. A number of people are desired for an effective formula for moving employees. Some adopt to the way of increasing salary, not all of which is conductive (Herzberg,1987). There are a great many factors in motivating employees. Salary plays a significant role while other factors such job participation, job loading and the work environment are available as well.Although salary is useful to move hirelings, salary is not the most important factor in motivating employees because job autonomy, job security and appreciation for work done are significant. Job autonomy has a practical effect on motivating employees. Employees who are allowed to partake in varieties of decisions may be given more incentive for action. If managers allow hirelings to set their goals, they will have the responsibili ty to compass the object and devote themselves to the job. Subordinates may feel that they are an important part of the company and be more willing to apply to the task (Madura,2008).A flexible work schedule is another approach to increasing job satisfaction which is helpful to accomplish projects (Madura,2008). It has been disputed by research proving that if superiors allow employees to have longer weekends, hirelings are likely to perform well (Madura,2008). With a flexible work schedule, people are willing to improve work efficiency and fulfill other liabilities as much as they could. Job participation is an effective approach to moving employees. Employees will realize the value of their existence when they participate in the projects.If employees desire to achieve a goal as a group of people with varied occupations, they are motivated to do their best. Job autonomy is a significant element which moves employees effectively. Job security is becoming an important factor increasi ngly to employees (Wiley,1997). Employees’ responses to job insecurity influence the development of the society, which has been proved by much evidence. Work pressure will increase and job insecurity is especially hard on the weak group in the countries.If work safety is not guaranteed and people keep working in an unsafe environment, there may be a negative impact on mental health. Organization will be affected by the lack of job security as well, which leads to negative outcomes (Wiley,1997). Job insecurity is likely to cut down work guarantee, which may result in damage of companies’ credit. Deterioration of efficacy of companies’ will happen and it has a negative impact on job satisfaction and performance (Wiley,1997). Job security has ever been the top of the list of motivational factors for employees (Wiley,1997).People’s behavior is much a function of job safety. Workers have to divert attention from work as a result of concern about unsafe factor, which have a passive influence on programs (Madura,2008). The basic needs of employees could not be fulfilled, which lead to their concern about finding safer work. The employed who have job security are likely to be given incentive to achieve the goals. Appreciation for work done is one of the important motivations for employees. Feedback and recognition for the projects which have been accomplished will give employees encouragement.Most of employers voice acknowledgement for a job done to moving subordinates and give them confidence and satisfaction. Appreciation for work done has ever been chosen to be the peak motivator in modern society and has also been taken into account by enterprise increasingly. Most of the practical elements which fulfill work occasions are from recognition. Offering opportunities for hirelings who are motivated to accomplish the goals is manager’s job (Wiley,1997). The expression of why the behaviour is available will be beneficial for employeesà ¢â‚¬â„¢ long-term development, which improves their ability and enrich their knowledge.It is significant for people to have feedback and learn more about themselves. With this method, employees are able to know which position is more appropriate for them. Feeling capable is one of factors which are useful for work. Additionally, appreciation is a way for employees to feel competent. Therefore, the employed will be achieve the goals with confidence. Greater essential motivation may be caused by recognitions which image capacity. Appreciation could bring encouragement, opportunities and feelings of competent to employees and plays an important part.Although salary is an important factor in motivating employees, it is not enough to satisfy employees’ need of autonomy, security and appreciation. High salary is advantageous to fulfill all of people’s requirements and achieve their needs. There are a number of people who gain high emolument having many complaints because the y have difficulty in their work. Money fail to meet the mental needs of people on occasion. High salary is available to improve standard of living. There exist employees whose salary is high but their work stress is too heavy for them to suffer from.Because of the reason, they may not be able to leave free time for themselves. Health and mental health problems may caused by too much work stress. No one could enjoy the life without fitness. High salary means more opportunities and happiness for employees. Though some people gain high paying salary, they are occupied with projects and have seldom time to spend with family. An examination of the evidence has shown that a part of people gaining higher payment are not as satisfied with life as ones gaining lower payment. Salary is effective on occasion but it is not always the most important motivation.In conclusion, there exist a number of factors which play a considerable part in moving employees such as job autonomy, job security and appreciation. Therefore, salary is not the most effective. Give hirelings increased job autonomy including decision making, flexible work schedule and participation, which can motivate them. Job security for employees is an important source of motivation and safe working environment is helpful for people to tap their potentials. Appreciation for work done shows respect for employees, which leads to result of motivating people.Motivation has direct relationship with business of the company. Employees ought to learn how to motivate employees. Both salary and other factors are significant. References Herzberg, F. (1987)’One more time:How do you motivate employees’, Harvard Business Review, September-Octorber, pp. 87-99 Madura, J. (2008) Introduction to Business. 4th ed. Beijing: Post & Telecom Press. Wiley, C. (1997) ‘What motivates employees according to over 40 years of motivation surveys’, International Journal of Manpower, 18(3), pp. 263-280.

Chemistry Abbreviations Starting With the Letter P

Chemistry Abbreviations Starting With the Letter P Chemistry abbreviations and acronyms are common in all fields of science. This collection offers common abbreviations and acronyms beginning with the letter P used in chemistry and chemical engineering. P - PetaP - Phosphorusp - picoP - PressureP - ProtonPA - Phosphatidic AcidPa - PascalPa - ProtactiniumPA - Proton affinityPA # - PolyAmide polymer numberPAA - PolyAcrylic AcidPABA - ParaAminoBenzoic AcidPAC - Pharmaceutically Active CompoundPAC - Polycyclic Aromatic ContentPAC - Powdered Activated CarbonPAEK - PolyaryletherketonePAGE - PolyAcrylamide Gel ElectrophoresisPAH - Polycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonPAI - PolyAmide ImidePAO - PolyAlphaOlefinPASA - PolyAmide, Semi-AromaticPb - LeadPB - PolyButylenePBB - PolyBrominated BiphenylPBD - PolyButaDienePBI - PolyBenzImidazolePBN - PolyButylene NaphthalatePBS - Phosphate Buffered SalinePBT - PolyButylene TerephthalatePC - PolyCarbonatePC - Pyruvate CarboxylasePCA - Pyrrolidone Carboxylic AcidPCC - Pyridine Chloro ChromatePCE - TetrachloroethylenePCR - Polymerase chain reactionPCV - Pressure control valvePd - PalladiumPD - Positive displacementPD - Potential differencePE - PhycoErythrinPE - PolyethylenePE - Potential energyPEA - PolyEster Amine PEEK - PolyEtherEtherKetonePEG - PolyEthylene GlycolPEK - Poly Ether KetonePEL - Permissible exposure limitPERC - TetrachloroethylenePES - PolyEtherSulfonePET - Polyethylene TerephthalatePETP - Polyethylene terephthalatePEX - Cross-linked PolyEthylenePFC - Perfluorocarbonpg - picogramPG - Propylene GlycolPG - ProstaglandinPGA - 3-PhosphoGlyceric AcidPGA - PolyGlutamic AcidPGE - Platinum group elementsPGM - Platinum group metalspH - measurement of H ions in aqueous solutionPH - Phenol functional groupPHA - PolyHydroxyAlkanoatePHB - PolyHydroxyButyratePHC - Petroleum HydroCarbonPHMB - PolyHexaMethyleneBiguanidePHT - PHThalatePI - Phosphate IonPI - PolyImidePIB - PolyIsoButylenepK - Measurement of the dissociation constantPLA - Polymerized Lactic AcidPLC - PhosphoLipase-CPM3 - Parameterized Model number 3PM10 - Particulates smaller than 10 ÃŽ ¼m.PM - Particulate MatterPM - Photo Multiplierpm - picometerPM - Plasma MembranePM - Powder MetallurgyPm - PromethiumPMA - PhosphoMolybdic AcidPM A - PolyMethyl Acrylate PMID - PubMed IDentifierPMMA - PolyMethylMethAcrylatePMO - PolyMethylene OxidePNPA - PolyNucleotide Phosphorylase APNPB - PolyNucleotide Phosphorylase BPo - PoloniumPOC - Polar organic contaminantpOH - Measurement of OH- ions in aqueous solutionPOL - Petroleum, oils, and lubricantsPOP - Persistent organic pollutantPORC - PorcelainPPA -PhenylPropanolAminePPA - PolyPhthalAmidePPB - Parts per billionPPM - Parts per millionPPO - PolyPhenylene OxidePPS - PolyPhenylene SulfidePPT - Parts per trillionPPT - PolyPyrimidine TractPPT - PrecipitatePr - PraseodymiumPRV - Pressure relief valvePSI - Pounds per square inchPSV - Pressure safety valvePt - PlatinumPTFE - PolyTetraFluoroEthylenePu - PlutoniumPU - PolyUrethanePV - Parity ViolationPV - Pressure VolumePVC - PolyVinyl ChloridePVT - Pressure, volume, temperaturePXY - Para-XYlene

Activities for Nonverbal Communication

Activities for Nonverbal Communication Have you ever made an instant judgment about a person, without ever speaking to him or her? Can you tell when other people are worried, afraid, or angry? We can sometimes do this because we are tuning in to nonverbal clues. Through nonverbal communication, we make all kinds of inferences and decisions- often without realizing it. It’s important to be aware of nonverbal communication, so we can avoid sending and receiving unintentional messages through our expressions and body movements. These exercises are designed to help you understand how much information we transmit through nonverbal communication. Nonverbal Activity 1: Wordless Acting Separate students into groups of two.One student in each group will perform the role of Student A, and one will perform as Student B.Give each student a copy of the script below.Student A will read his/her lines out loud, but student B will communicate his/her lines in a nonverbal manner.Provide student B with a secret emotional distraction that is written on a piece of paper. For example, student B may be in a rush, may be really bored, or may be feeling guilty.After the dialogue, ask each student A to guess what emotion was affecting their partner, student B. Dialogue: Student A: Have you seen my book? I can’t remember where I put it.Student B: Which one?Student A: The murder mystery. The one you borrowed.Student B: Is this it?Student A: No. It’s the one you borrowed.Student B. I did not!Student A: Maybe it’s under the chair. Can you look?Student B: OKjust give me a minute.Student A: How long are you going to be?Student B: Geez, why so impatient? I hate when you get bossy.Student A: Forget it. I’ll find it myself.Student B: Wait- I found it! Nonverbal Activity 2: We Have to Move Now! Cut several strips of paper.On each strip of paper, write down a mood or a disposition like guilty, happy, suspicious, paranoid, insulted, or insecure.Fold the strips of paper and put them into a bowl. They will be used as prompts.Have each student take a prompt from the bowl and read the sentence: We all need to gather our possessions and move to another building as soon as possible! expressing the mood they’ve selected.After each student has read their sentence, the other students should guess the emotion of the reader. Each student should write down assumptions they made about each speaking student as they read their prompts. Nonverbal Activity 3: Stack the Deck For this exercise, you will need a regular pack of playing cards and a lot of space to move around. Blindfolds are optional, and the task takes a bit longer if blindfolds are used. Shuffle the deck of cards thoroughly and walk around the room to give each student a card.Instruct the students to keep their card a secret. No one can see the type or color of anothers card.Make it clear to students that they will not be able to speak during this exercise.Instruct students to assemble into 4 groups according to suits (hearts, clubs, diamonds, spades) using nonverbal communication.Its fun to blindfold every student during this exercise (but this version is much more time consuming).Once students get into their groups, they must line up in order of rank, from ace to king.The group that lines up in correct order first wins! Nonverbal Activity 4: Silent Movie Divide students into two or more groups. For the first half of the class, some students will be screenwriters and other students will be actors. Roles will switch for the second half. The screenwriter students will write a silent movie scene, with the following directions in mind: Silent movies tell a story without words. It is important to start the scene with a person doing an obvious task, like cleaning the house or rowing a boat.This scene is interrupted when a second actor (or several actors) enters the scene. The appearance of the new actor/s has a big impact. Remember that the new characters could be animals, burglars, children, salesmen, etc.A physical commotion takes place.The problem is resolved.The acting groups will perform the script(s) while the rest of the class sits back and enjoys the show. Popcorn is a good addition to this activity.After each silent movie, the audience should guess the story, including the conflict and resolution. This exercise gives students a great opportunity to act out and read nonverbal messages.

Electronic Health Records in the UK Research Paper

Electronic Health Records in the UK - Research Paper Example This is in part informed on the fact policy debates are fueled by bogus, self-defeating attitudes. One of such thinking is that the United States is incapable of affording to cover the uninsured, when in real sense a synchronized monetary system is the chief instrument for cutting cost down, and there relatively inexpensive ways to do it. Even more, the biggest viewpoint, seized by many medical specialists, is that they would be unable to find more authority than they have before now under commercial managed care. Nevertheless, health care systems elsewhere grant medical specialists superior institutional muscle (James, 2005). In the fall of June 1941, a British civil servant, radio personality and educator Sir William Beveridge was requested to execute social modernization after World War II. He had previously worked as a civil servant whereby he interacted with the impoverished in the East of London. At this time, Beveridge observed the numerous paradoxical, biased programs for une mployment, housing, child support, amid other programs run by various departments under conflicting doctrines. As a result, Sir William Beveridge concluded that the only crucial approach was to deal with all the programs at once, in a manner that would form affiliations among the individual and state. The Beveridge account Social Insurance and Allied Services, advocated for all-inclusive health care as an element of a postwar government grand plan endorsing employment, housing, education and social security. However the Beveridge preparation provided just a preface and faltering sketch, it recognized an important vision and became an instant success. The Beveridge report for tax-based state health service as a communal good provided a rudimentary alternative to the existing Bismarck plan of National Health Service (Polly, 2003). Waiting records are a universal pressure valve in numerous systems that cut back on far too much spending. In the National Health System, the standard waiti ng time for discretionary hospital-based care is 46 days. The distinction by social status in seeking services, and admittance are nominal by international standards, though more affluent people are always adept at maneuvering any public service. The British system has been privileged to have private sector for the rich who want faster and plusher optional care. This quarter clinical value is not superior by a margin of 9 percent. The formulated policies favor a duplicative coverage for voluntary dealings for which medical professionals charge very abnormal fees. Private care is intense in the larger London quarter and other cities. Currently, all private admittance and day cases total more than 2%. The world and International Monetary Fund and the World Trade Organization have played a crucial role in the transformation of British Health sector (Scott, Randall & Vogt 2007). The existing design for the new NHS by the current British government is even more determined than the transf ormation shaped by Margaret Thatcher. The NHS was largely criticized as no longer affordable and or sustainable. Restraining it to an emergency and benefit service would have been glaringly politically practicable and would have been received well by the public-private joint venture premises of

Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 9

Operations Management - Essay Example The manner of creating these goods and services is the purview of operations management. As a field of endeavour, operations management â€Å"deals with the design and management of products, processes, services, and supply chains. It considers the acquisition, development, and utilization of resources that firms need to deliver the goods and services their clients want.† (MIT Sloan School of Management, 2009) It may be said that the operations function is the heart and soul of business. It is that organizational activity which actually gives birth to the good or service which is the reason for the firm’s existence. The operations manager stands at the helm of the operations department, and plans, organizes, directs and controls its performance. He determines, in line with the organization’s overall goals, the strategic, tactical, and operational activities undertaken. Strategic issues involve the implementation of long-term goals of the corporation, and are usually decided upon by the corporation’s board of directors, or the owner or proprietor of the small firm. Issues decided by the operations manager that are within the scope of strategic management are those that yield decisions of a relatively permanent nature, and usually require substantial capital outlay. They include determining the size of the manufacturing plants or the capacity of the equipment, as well as their location, deciding which telecommunications networks to have installed, and designing technology supply chains. Should the operations manager make a mistake in planning and implementing strategic issues, it would profoundly compromise the company’s survival. The operations manager also deals with tactical issues the operations manager. These decisions involve the relatively medium-term prospects of the business, and while not as far-ranging as strategic issues, could also entail a substantial loss for the